| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究葡萄糖以及含氮、磷、钾、镁的营养物质对藓结皮形成发育的影响，为黄土丘陵区生物土壤结皮的人工修复提供技术指导。【方法】以陕北黄土丘陵区自然发育的藓结皮为繁殖材料，进行室内人工培养试验，在培养基中分别添加不同质量浓度的葡萄糖（10，20，30，40，50 g/L）、硝酸铵（0.5，1.0，2.0，4.0，8.0 g/L）、磷酸二氢钾（0.5，1.0，2.0，4.0，8.0 g/L）、硫酸镁（0.25，0.5，1.0，2.0，4.0 g/L），以不添加营养物质为空白对照（CK），当藓结皮生长30 d时，测定藓结皮盖度、藓株密度和藓株高，研究以上营养物质对藓结皮形成发育的影响。【结果】1)添加的4种营养物质中，用葡萄糖处理时藓结皮生长最好，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度均最大，分别达到了17.2%和14.6株/cm2；硫酸镁次之；用硝酸铵、磷酸二氢钾处理时，藓结皮盖度、藓株密度、藓株高与CK相比差异均不显著。2)随着葡萄糖质量浓度的增加，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度逐渐增大，且均在葡萄糖质量浓度为50 g/L时达到最大，分别为21.2%和18.9 株/cm2。3)随着硝酸铵质量浓度的增加，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度呈先增加后减小的趋势，当硝酸铵质量浓度为1.0 g/L时均达到最大，分别为18.1%和16.3株/cm2。4)随着磷酸二氢钾质量浓度的增加，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度也呈先增加后减小的趋势，在磷酸二氢钾质量浓度为2.0 g/L时，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度均达到最大，磷酸二氢钾质量浓度为8.0 g/L时均降至最小。5)硫酸镁质量浓度为0.25 g/L时，藓结皮盖度和藓株密度均最大，分别达到了17.2%和14.8株/cm2。【结论】在土壤培养基中添加葡萄糖和硫酸镁可以显著提高藓结皮盖度和藓株密度；低质量浓度的硝酸铵对藓结皮的生长有促进作用，高质量浓度反而表现出抑制作用；磷酸二氢钾一次性施入培养基土壤时，其对藓结皮的形成发育没有影响；硫酸镁对藓结皮的形成发育有一定影响，但影响结果因其质量浓度不同而存在较大差异。 |
| 关键词: 藓结皮 人工培养 营养物质 短叶扭口藓 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学青年基金面上项目（40971174）；中科院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目；西北农林科技大学青年科研骨干支持计划项目 |
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| Influence of 4 nutrients on the development of moss crust |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Experimental study was carried out on the influence of glucose and nutrients,with nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,magnesium on the formation and development of moss crust,to provide technical guidance for the manual repair of biological soil crust of the loess hilly area.【Method】 Using the natural moss of loess hills area as the breeding material,the interior artificial rearing experiment was carried out,glucose (10,20,30,40,50 g/L),ammonium nitrate (0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0 g/L),potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0 g/L),magnesium sulfate (0.25,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 g/L) were added into the culture medium,taking the blank as the comparison,the cover age,density and height of the moss mantle were determined at 30th day,to study the influence of the nourishing substance on the growth of moss mantle.【Result】 1)Growth was the best with glucose,moss crust cover age and density of the growth were 17.2% and 14.6 plant/cm2.Compared with CK adding the ammonium nitrate,potassium dihydrogen phosphate was not significant.2)With the increase of glucose,moss crust cover age and plant density gradually increased,reaching highest at 50 g/L,respectively,21.2% and 18.9 plant/cm2.3)With the addition of ammonium nitrate,moss crust cover age and the growth of moss plants decreased after increasing the density in the 1.0 g/L maximum,18.1% and 16.3 plant/cm2.4)As the addition of potassium dihydrogen sulfate increased,moss crust cover age and the growth of moss plants decreased after increasing,growth reached the highest when the concentration was 2.0 g/L,and to a minimum in 8.0 g/L.5)Under the 0.25 g/L of magnesium sulfate,the cover age and density of moss crust were the highest,reaching 17.2% and 14.8 plant/cm2.【Conclusion】 Adding glucose and magnesium sulfate to soil medium can significantly increase the moss crust cover age and plant density of moss growth;Nitrogen has some influence on the growth of moss crust,low concentration can increase the number on unit area of mosses and the growth trend,but high concentration inhibits it;Potassium dihydrogen phosphate into the medium once has no effect on formation and development of the moss crust;Magnesium sulfate has certain influence on the development of moss crust,but the impact of the results is due to different concentrations of uncertainty. |
| Key words: moss crusts artificial culture nutrient Babular tectorm |
