| 摘要: |
| 【目的】综合评价云杉天然群体的遗传多样性。【方法】在相继对云杉10个群体同一套试验材料分别进行表型性状、表型性状频率、等位酶以及SSR、AFLP、RAPD分子标记遗传多样性分析的基础上，对用上述6种分析手段得到的共16项遗传多样性参数值进行了相关分析和比较。并采用数据标准化处理和PCA分析，摈弃了参数本身的差异，将各种标记结果进行了整合排序和分类。【结果】同一标记的不同多样性参数间相关性多为显著，不同标记的多样性参数间相关性大多不显著；标准化后的10个群体综合遗传多样性大小顺序为：川盘（CP）>卓尼（ZN）>热务沟（RWG）>大录（DL）>铁布（TB）>黑水（HS）>林坡（LP）>巴西（BX）>阿坝（AB）>小金（XJ）；通过PCA三维聚类分析，可将云杉10个群体分为北部大区（Ⅰ类）和南部大区（Ⅱ类）2大类，其中北部大区遗传多样性整体高于南部，这一结果与云杉天然群体资源富集程度基本吻合；不同标记的云杉群体分化系数差异较大，与松科其他树种相比，云杉的平均分化水平偏高。【结论】基于不同标记方法分析得到的云杉群体遗传多样性参数值存在较大差异，任何一种标记的结果都存在片面性，用多种标记的分析结果进行综合评价，能最大可能地避免评价的偏颇性；总体而言，云杉天然群体的遗传多样性呈现“北高南低”的趋势，群体间分化水平较大。 |
| 关键词: 云杉 天然群体 遗传多样性 数据标准化 PCA |
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| 基金项目:国家“十一五”科技攻关项目(2006BAD01A1401)；国家“十一五”科技支撑课题(2006BAD13B07) |
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| A comprehensive evaluation on genetic diversity of natural populations in Picea asperata |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The genetic diversity of natural populations in Picea asperata was evaluated comprehensively.【Method】We analyzed and compared 16 genetic parameters of 10 natural populations in P.asperata（PA）,which were obtained by 6 methods based on analyzing the phenotype,phenotypic frequency,allozyme,SSR,AFLP,and RAPD molecular marker.PCA (Principle component analysis) and data standardization methods were applied to population classification and comparison in PA.【Result】The relevant coefficients among different diversity parameters calculated from the same marker were mostly significant and those calculated from different markers were insignificant.All 16 diversity parameters were standardized and synthesized and all 10 populations were ordered as CP,ZN,RWG,DL,TB,HS,LP,BX,AB,XJ from the higher to the lower according to the synthesized diversity.The 10 populations can be divided into two types (the northern district (typeⅠ) and the southern district (typeⅡ)) according to the PCA.The genetic diversity was richer in the northern district than that in the southern district.The result conformed to the distribution and current situation of natural populations in PA.The 6 differentiation coefficients of PA populations varied greatly and the comprehensive study on genetic diversity level of natural populations of PA.Population differentiation coefficients from different markers in PA varied greatly and the mean differentiation level among populations in PA was higher than other species in Pinaceae.【Conclusion】Results from different markers in evaluating genetic diversity of PA are various.Any result from single marker is partial to evaluate the species but the synthesied evaluation result from multi marker would probably avoid the partiality.The synthesized evaluation result showed that the genetic diversity of population from the northern district in PA is higher than that from the southern district,and the differentiation coefficient among populations in PA is higher than other species in Pinaceae. |
| Key words: Picea asperata natural population genetic diversity data standardization PCA(Principle component analysis) |
