| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究肉牛品种及性别对牛肉肌内脂肪、脂肪酸含量的影响，为肉牛的品种改良和育肥提供参考。【方法】选择年龄相近（(12±1)月龄）的BMY阉公牛15头、云南黄牛9头（母牛4头，阉公牛5头）、短云杂阉公牛6头、西云杂阉公牛4头，在相同条件下经过12～14个月的强制育肥，取7～9胸肋眼肉进行脂肪及脂肪酸含量测定。【结果】阉牛和母牛的牛肉脂肪及脂肪酸含量差异不显著（P>0.05），4个品种牛的牛肉脂肪含量差异也不显著（P>0.05）；云南黄牛肉的肉豆蔻酸含量显著（P<0.05）低于短云杂牛和西云杂牛，与BMY牛肉差异不显著（P>0.05）；云南黄牛肉的棕榈酸含量显著（P<0.05）低于其他3个品种的牛肉。BMY牛肉的亚油酸、多不饱和脂肪酸含量极显著（P<0.01)高于短云杂牛，云南黄牛肉的亚油酸含量显著（P<0.05）高于短云杂牛。【结论】性别对牛肉的脂肪和脂肪酸含量没有显著影响；品种对牛肉的肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和亚油酸含量有显著影响，而对其他7种脂肪酸含量无显著影响。 |
| 关键词: BMY牛 云南黄牛 短云杂牛 西云杂牛 性别 脂肪 脂肪酸 |
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| 基金项目:云南省科研院所技术开发研究专项（2007CF008）;农业科技创新工程项目（2008LA018） |
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| Effect of different breeds and gender of cattle on fat and fatty acid content of beef |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】This study was to investigate the effect of different breeds and gender of cattle on fat and fatty acid content of beef,and to privide evidence for the varietal improvement and fattening.【Method】The Ribeye samples of 15 BMY feedlot steers,9 Yunnan cattle(YN,4 female and 5 feedlot steers),6 Shorthorn×Yunnan cattle(SHY) feedlot steers,4 Simmental×Yunnan cattle(SIY) feedlot steers which had been fattened for 12-14 months were collected and sealed in clean fresh frozen bag.Crude fat and fatty acid contents of beef were determined.【Result】There were no significant differences (P>0.05) for crude fat and fatty acid content of beef between the female cattle and the steers.There were no significant differences (P>0.05) for crude fat of beef among the BMY steers,YN steers,SHY steers,SIY steers.Relative content of Myristic acid of beef from the YN steers was significantly lower(P<0.05) than that from the SHY steers and SIY steers,but was not significantly different (P>0.05) compared with that of the BMY steers.Relative content of Hexa decanoic acidin of beef from the YN steers was significantly lower(P<0.05) than that from the BMY steers,SHY steers and SIY steers.Relative content of Linoleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids of beef from the BMY steers was significantly higher(P<0.01) than that from the SHY steers. Relative content of Linoleic acid of beef from the YN steers was significantly higher（P<0.05） than that from the SHY steers.【Conclusion】There were no (P>0.05) gender differences for the crude fat and fatty acid levels of beef.Breeds only affected Myristic acid,Hexadecanoic acid and Linoleic acid content of beef.There were no (P>0.05) breed differences for the other 7 fatty acids of beef. |
| Key words: BMY cattle Yunnan cattle Shorthorn×Yunnan cattle Simmental×Yunnan cattle gender crude fat fatty acid |
