| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 应用信息熵研究石羊河流域的降雨时空变化,为合理开发该流域的水资源提供依据。【方法】 用边际熵研究月、季和年时间序列的变化，用分配熵和强度熵分别研究降雨量和降雨日数的年内和年代（10年）分布,依据石羊河流域8个气象站1959-2008年的逐日降雨观测资料，对不同降雨时间序列的时空变异性进行分析。【结果】 石羊河流域降雨在时间和空间上均存在变异性，降雨在时间上的变异性表现为年低于各季，季又低于相应各月；各季对年变异性的贡献以冬季最大，夏季最小；各月对季变异性贡献大的分别是春季3月、夏季6月、秋季11月、冬季12月；年际间降雨量变异性大的年份为1966，1979，1984，1987与1993年，降雨日数变异性大的年份为1973，1976，1984，1987，2001与2007年。在空间上，石羊河流域降雨量与降雨日数的变异性基本一致，均表现为流域东南部的变异性小于西北部。【结论】 信息熵全面考虑了时空变化，可有效地解决降雨的时空变异问题。 |
| 关键词: 石羊河流域 降雨量 时空变异 边际熵 强度熵 分配熵 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（50879071）;水利部公益性行业科研专项（200801104）;西北农林科技大学青年学术骨干支持计划项目 |
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| An entropy-based investigation into the variability of precipation in Shiyang River Basin |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Entropy was used to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of precipitation in Shiyang River Basin to provide a basis for rational development of water resources in the basin.【Method】Marginal entropy was used to investigate the variability of precipitation associated with monthly,seasonal and annual time series.Also,apportionment and intensity entropy were used to investigate the intra-annual and decadal distributions of monthly and annual precipitation amounts and numbers of rainy days within a year and decade respectively.Based on the data of daily precipitation from eight weather stations in the Shiyang River Basin from 1959 to 2008,an entroy-based theory spatial and temporal variability of precipitation time series were employed to investigate the basin.【Result】The results show that there is both spatial and temporal variability of precipitation in the Shiyang River Basin.The temporal variability of annual series seems to be less than that of individual seasonal series,and seasonal time series seems to be less than the corresponding month.The winter variability contributes more to the variability of annual time series,whereas summer contributes less to the annual variability.The months having high variability for different seasons are March in Spring,June in Summer,November in Autumn and December in Winter.The variability of precipitation amounts within a year is found to be high during the year of 1966,1979,1984,1987 and 1993,and the variability of rainy days within a year is found to be high during the year of 1973,1976,1984,1987,2001 and 2007.The spatial variability of precipitation amounts seems to be basically the same as the number of rainfall days.It increases from southeast to northwest of Shiyang River Basin.【Conclusion】Entropy considers the spatial and temporal variability of precipitation comprehensively,which can effectively solve the problem of spatial and temporal variability of precipitation. |
| Key words: Shiyang River Basin precipitation spatial and temporal variability marginal entropy intensity entropy apportionment entropy |
