| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探讨更新修剪对盛果末期苹果树光合能力及枝条生长、果实品质的影响。【方法】在渭北旱原，对盛果末期苹果树进行更新修剪和长放修剪（对照），利用LI-6400光合仪测定2种修剪方式下不同枝条叶片的光合能力，并测定枝条生长状况和果实品质的相关指标。【结果】盛果末期苹果树果台副梢、叶丛枝、发育枝叶片的光合速率和气孔导度日变化曲线均呈双峰曲线，蒸腾速率则呈单峰曲线，胞间CO2浓度呈“反抛物线”； 更新修剪极显著提高了不同枝条叶片的光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率，极显著降低了叶片胞间CO2浓度；更新修剪显著或极显著提高了中枝、长枝的数量，显著或极显著提高了果实单株产量、单果质量、果形指数及有机酸、可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量，对果实硬度及维生素C含量无显著影响。【结论】更新修剪提高了盛果末期苹果树叶片的光合能力，促进了枝条生长，提高了果实产量和单果质量。 |
| 关键词: 盛果末期苹果树 更新修剪 光合能力 果实品质 枝条生长 |
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| 基金项目:中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所科研专项（C127）；国家“十一五”科技攻关项目（2006BAD09B09，2006BAD09B07，2006BAJ10B06） |
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| Effect of renewal pruning on apple photosynthetic ability and fruit quality in final full productive stage |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study was to investigate the effect of renewal pruning on photosynthetic ability and shoots growth,fruit quality of apple tree in final full productive stage.【Method】In Weibei Plateau,renewal pruning and long branch pruning (control) on final full productive stage,photosynthetic ability of different shoots with two types of pruning were measured by LI-6400 photosynthetic,and shoot growth and related indicators of fruit quality were measure.【Result】The diurnal variation of photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of bourse shoot,leafage shoot and vegetative shoot all showed bimodal curve,the diurnal variation of transpiration showed single curve,and the diurnal variation of intercellular CO2 concentration showed “anti-parabola curve”.Renewal pruning significantly increased photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration of different shoots;and significantly decreased intercellular CO2 concentration.Renewal pruning extremely signficant or significantly increased amount of long branch and medium branch,extremely significant or significantly increased fruit yields,fruit weight,fruit shape index and acid content,solule solids and the content of soluble sugar;and it had no significant effect on fruit firmness and vitamin C.【Conclusion】Renewal pruning increased the photosynthetic ability of leaves,promoted shoots growth,and improved yields and fruit weight of apple tree in final full productive stage. |
| Key words: apple tree in final full productive stage renewal pruning photosynthetic ability fruit quality shoot growth |
