| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对毛乌素沙地南缘不同机械耕作措施(免耕秸秆覆盖(SM)、免耕留茬(NT)、翻耕覆膜(FM)、传统翻耕(CT）)的土壤肥力质量进行综合评价。【方法】基于6年的试验基础，选取13项反映土壤肥力的指标，采用因子分析法对土壤肥力质量进行评价，将13项土壤肥力指标归纳为3个公因子，分别为潜在供肥因子F1、有机质因子F2、生物活性因子F3，计算各耕作措施的综合得分，并且用春玉米产量来验证评价结果。【结果】（1）不同耕作措施下土壤肥力质量得分大小变化趋势为翻耕覆膜＞传统翻耕＞免耕留茬直播＞免耕秸秆覆盖，与春玉米产量变化趋势翻耕覆膜＞免耕留茬直播≈传统翻耕＞免耕秸秆覆盖基本吻合，评价结果可靠有效。2）免耕秸秆覆盖措施由于秸秆还田微生物消耗大量的养分，造成此措施下3个公因子得分较低，肥力质量综合得分最低；免耕留茬直播措施有机质因子得分最高，说明免耕留茬直播措施有利于土壤有机质积累；传统翻耕措施潜在供肥因子得分最高，有机质因子得分最低，说明传统翻耕措施不利于有机质积累，不能作为发展可持续农业的首选耕作措施；翻耕覆膜措施生物活性因子得分最高，潜在供肥因子得分最低，说明翻耕覆膜措施有利于潜在养分有效化。【结论】基于因子分析的评价方法，能客观准确地反映土壤肥力质量，可以用于土壤肥力质量评价。 |
| 关键词: 土壤肥力质量 耕作措施 因子分析 |
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| 基金项目:国家林业部科技项目(K313020806) |
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| Evaluation of soil fertility quality in different tillage treatments based on factor analysis |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The objective of this article was to evaluate the soil quality under different mechanical tillage treatments: no-till with straw mulching (SM),no-tillage (NT),film mulching (FM),conventional tillage (CT),in the southern edge of Mu Us desert.【Method】Based on results obtained from an experiment of six years,13 soil fertility indexes were selected and grouped into three common factors using factor analysis method: the potential fertilizer factor F1,organic matter factor F2,biological activity factor F3,and calculated scores of all measures were comprehensive and crop yields were used to verify the evaluation results.【Result】The results showed that:1) The score trend of soil fertility quality under different tillages was film mulching＞no-tillage≈conventional tillage＞no-till with straw mulching, which was basically consistent with yield trend film-mulching＞conventional tillage＞no-tillage＞no-till with straw-mulching, indicating evaluation results were reliable and valid.2) Owing to microbes under straw mulching treatment consuming a large amount of nutrients,three common factors had lower scores and soil fertility quality score was the lowest in the no-till with straw-mulching treatment;The highest soil organic matter factor score in the no tillage treatment indicated that the no-tillage measure was conducive to the accumulation of soil organic matter;The highest soil potential fertility factor score but lower soil organic matter factor score in the conventional tillage measure indicated that the conventional tillage measure was not conducive to the accumulation of soil organic matter,and cannot be the best treatment for sustainable agricultural development;The highest biological activity score but the lowest soil potential fertility factor score in the film-mulching treatment indicated that the FM treatment was conducive to the effectuate of potential soil nutrient.【Conclusion】 Factor analysis method could better reflect quality of soil fertility and could be used for soil quality evaluation. |
| Key words: soil fertility quality mechanical tillage tratment factor analysis method |
