| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探寻提高地被菊结籽率的有效方法，为通过杂交方法培育菊花新品种奠定基础。【方法】以7个地被菊无性系品种为材料，采用常规授粉并结合荧光法检测花粉在柱头的萌发情况，研究自交和杂交不同配组方式及不同授粉时间、柱头形状、授粉方法对地被菊结籽率的影响。【结果】不同地被菊品种自交结籽率均为0；品种间杂交存在障碍，有正、反交结籽率迥异的现象，“Lz08-19”和“Lz08-18”正、反交结籽率差异达到45.29%；不同时间授粉对结籽率的影响不大，普遍在2%以内；柱头呈Y形时授粉的结籽率普遍高于I形和T形，最大差异为7.2%；不同授粉方法中，对克服地被菊杂交障碍效果较好的是蜜蜂授粉，其次是重复授粉、植物激素处理、生理盐水处理。【结论】综合分析花粉在柱头的萌发情况及试验结果后认为，蜜蜂授粉是提高地被菊结籽率的最有效方法。 |
| 关键词: 地被菊 自交 杂交 荧光检测 结籽率 |
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| 基金项目:国家环保总局项目［二-（一）-3-2号］；国家科技支撑计划项目（2006BAD01A18） |
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| Research on cross breeding seeding rate of ground cover chrysanthemum |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objectives】The research was conducted to explore the effective method for improving the seed set ration of Ground Cover Chrysanthemum,and lay a foundation for cultivating new varieties for chrysanthemum with hybridization method.【Method】Taking Ground Cover Chrysanthemum as materials,using conventional pollination and fluorescence to detect the pollens germination on stigma,the influence of the seed set ration of Ground Cover Chrysanthemum,which included different crossing inbreading methods,different pollination time,different shapes of stigmas for pollination and different methods and honeybee pollination was studied.【Result】All of the inbred seed set ratio are zero of different Ground Cover Chrysanthemum under self crossing,there are some obstacles in inter varietal crossing,the seed set rations of cross and reciprocal cross are different,the discrepancy is 45.29% from both “Lz08-19” and “Lz08-18”,is different pollination time has little influence on the rate of seed,which is generally within 2%,the pollinated seed rates of stigma with Y-shaped are generally higher than that of the I-shaped and T-shaped,the maximum difference could reach 7.2%.So the best method to overcome the crossing barrier is honeybee pollination,the next is repeated pollination,plant hormone and saline treatment.【Conclusion】Binding assay in pollen germination and test results concluded that honeybee pollination is the most effective way to improve the Ground Cover Chrysanthemum seed rate. |
| Key words: ground-cover chrysanthemum self-cross cross-breeding fluorescence seeding rate |
