| 摘要: |
| 【目的】用玉米秸秆制备固体酸催化剂，为生物柴油的制备研发新型高效环保的催化剂。【方法】以玉米秸秆为原料制备固体酸催化剂，通过催化棉籽油和甲醇的酯交换反应，考察不同碳化、磺化条件对催化剂活性的影响，并且评价该催化剂的稳定性；此外，以棉籽油和甲醇的酯交换反应作为制备生物柴油的模型反应，并以制备的固体酸催化剂作为该反应的催化剂，考察不同反应条件对棉籽油转化率的影响，探索该固体酸催化合成生物柴油的最佳条件。【结果】在碳化温度350～400 ℃、碳化时间10 h、磺化温度140～180 ℃、磺化时间10 h的条件下，可制备出高活性的固体酸催化剂。该催化剂重复使用5次以后，催化棉籽油和甲醇的酯交换反应时，棉籽油的转化率仍可达89.5%。在催化剂用量100 g/kg、醇油物质的量比5∶1、反应温度60 ℃、反应时间8 h的条件下，该固体酸催化剂催化棉籽油和甲醇的酯交换反应时，棉籽油的转化率可达93.2%。【结论】以玉米秸秆为原料，经过碳化 磺化后，可制得活性高、稳定性优、可重复利用的碳基固体酸催化剂。 |
| 关键词: 玉米秸秆 固体酸 酯交换反应 生物柴油 |
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| 基金项目:煤转化国家重点实验室开放基金项目（10-11-905）；西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费青年项目（QN2009050） |
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| Solid acid catalyst made from corn stalk and study on catalytic synthesis of biodiesel technology |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Solid acid made from corn stalk was prepared as catalyst effective and environmental friendly catalysts for the preparation of biodiesel were developed.【Method】Using solid acid made from corn stalk as catalyst,effects on catalyst activity in different preparation conditions were studied.The catalyst with high catalysis preparation method was obtained,and the catalyst stability evaluated.Using the transesterification of cottonseed oil with methanol as the reaction model,the effects on esterification yield of biodiesel preparation conditions were studied.The optimum conditions of biodiesel synthesis were designed with the solid acid catalyst.【Result】The optimum conditions were obtained as follows:carbonization temperature 350-400 ℃,carbonization time 10 h,sulfonation temperature 140-180 ℃,sulfonation time 10 h.And the catalyst could keep better stability and catalyst activity after using 5 times.The conversion rate of cottonseed oil reached as high as 89.5%.The best catalytic performance can be obtained under the conditions of catalyst dosage 100 g/kg,molar ratio of methanol to oil 5∶1,reaction temperature 60 ℃,reaction time 8 h.The conversion rate of cottonseed oil reached as high as 93.2%.【Conclusion】Using corn stalk as raw material,through carbonization sulfonation,carbon based solid acid,reusable catalyst with high catalysis and stability and were made. |
| Key words: corn stalk solid acid transesterification biodiesel |
