| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确爆裂玉米膨爆性状的遗传方式，为爆裂玉米育种和分子标记辅助选择（MAS）提供理论依据。【方法】以爆裂玉米杂交组合吉爆902（吉812×吉704）的P1、F1、P2、B1∶2、B2∶2和F2∶3 6个家系世代群体为材料，应用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型，对其膨爆性状进行多世代联合分析。【结果】爆裂玉米吉812×吉704组合的爆花率受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因控制遗传，该杂交组合的B1∶2、B2∶2和F2∶3群体爆花率的主基因遗传率分别为74.988 2%，78.345 1%和62.332 9%,多基因遗传率分别为3.118 9%，3.515 8%和6.115 6%。2对主基因中，加性效应为负值，显性效应为正值。第1对主基因的加性效应绝对值和显性效应值略大于或大于第2对主基因的相应效应值，2对主基因显性效应互作显著高于加性效应互作；第1对主基因加性×第2对主基因显性的互作效应值小于第2对主基因加性×第1对主基因显性的互作效应值。膨化倍数受1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制，主基因遗传率较低，主基因加性效应d=-0.286 8。膨化体积受多基因控制，B1∶2、B2∶2和F2∶3家系世代多基因遗传率分别为10.49%，65.52%和28.99%，同时受环境影响较大。【结论】爆花率性状主基因遗传率较高，宜在早代对爆花率性状进行选择；膨化倍数性状主基因的遗传率较低，育种时应注重多基因的积累；膨化体积性状B2∶2家系世代多基因遗传率较高，同时受环境影响也较大，在育种时可以采用轮回选择及早代选择来提高育种效果。 |
| 关键词: 爆裂玉米 膨爆性状 主基因+多基因 遗传分析 |
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| 基金项目:吉林省教育厅育种专项（2008（71）号） |
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| Hybrid genetic analysis on popping traits of popcorn |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The study aimed to clear cut the genetic mode of popping characteristics of popcorn and provide theoretical basis for the breeding of popcorn and molecular marker assisted selection(MAS).【Method】We used 6 ancestry generation(P1,F1,P2,B1∶2,B2∶2,F2∶3) of Ji popping 902( Ji 812×Ji 704) which is hybridized combination of popcorn,and applied the genetic model of major gene of plant quantitative traits+poly-gene mixed genetic to conduct joint analysis of multiple generations of popping characteristics.【Result】The popping rate of the combination of popcorn Ji812 and Ji704 is controlled by 2 pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic major gene and additive-dominant-epistatic poly-gene.The major gene heritability of popping rate of B1∶2,B2∶2 and F2∶3 of this hybridized combination is 74.988 2%,78.345 1%,62.332 9%,poly-gene heritability 3.118 9%,3.515 8%,6.115 6%.In 2 pairs of major gene,additive effect is negative value,and dominant effect is positive value.Absolute value of additive effect of the 1st pair major gene is slightly greater than that of the 2nd pair major gene.Dominant effect value of the 1st pair major gene is greater than the dominant effect value of the 2nd pair major gene,Interaction of dominant effect of 2 pairs’ major gene is significantly higher than interaction of additive effect.Interactive effect value of additivity of the 1st pair major gene×dominance of the 2nd pair major gene is less than the interactive effect value of additivity of the 2nd pair major gene×dominance of the 1st pair major gene.Popping fold is controlled by the 1 pair of additive major gene and additive dominant poly gene,the major gene heritability is lower,the additive effect of major gene is d=-0.286 8.Popping volume is controlled by the poly-gene,the poly gene heritability of B1∶2,B2∶2 and F2∶3 is 10.49%,65.52%,28.99%,which is also greatly influenced by environmental factor.【Conclusion】The major gene heritability of popping rate traits is higher,so breeders should carry out the selection of popping rate traits in the early generation.The major gene heritability of popping fold traits is lower,so breeder should pay more attention to the accumulation of poly-gene during breeding.The poly-gene heritability of popping volume traits of B2∶2 is higher,at the same time environment also influences the popping volume greatly,so the breeders can use recurrent selection and early generation selection to improve the breeding effect. |
| Key words: popcorn popping trait major gene and poly-gene genetic analysis |
