| 摘要: |
| 【目的】揭示西北马鹿（Cervus elaphus）群体的遗传多样性及系统地位，为科学地保护和利用我国西北地区马鹿资源提供基础研究材料。【方法】对塔里木马鹿、阿尔泰马鹿、天山马鹿、甘肃马鹿及阿拉善马鹿5个群体108个个体的D-loop全序列进行扩增、测序，分析其碱基组成及变异，构建系统发育树，研究西北马鹿群体遗传结构、群体遗传多样性及其系统地位。【结果】共检测到40个单倍型，平均单倍型多样度(Hd)为0.998±0.006，平均核苷酸多样度(Pi)为0.041±0.005，平均核苷酸差异数(K)为36.08。构建NJ和MP分子系统发育树发现，塔里木马鹿与其他马鹿遗传距离较远，分属于不同的类群；阿尔泰马鹿、天山马鹿及甘肃马鹿之间均存在基因交流，可能是群体间引种杂交所致。【结论】西北地区马鹿整体遗传多样性丰富；中国马鹿可能起源于欧洲；部分马鹿群体间存在基因交流情况。 |
| 关键词: 西北马鹿 mtDNA D-loop 遗传多样性 系统地位 |
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| 基金项目:国家林业局珍稀濒危动植物救护繁育项目“马鹿救护繁育”（2005K148） |
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| Genetic diversity and classification status of wapiti (red deer) in northwest of China |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The research was conducted to explore the genetic diversity and classification status of wapiti(Cervus elaphus)in northwest of china,to provide research materials for scientific protection and utilization of red deer.【Method】The whole D-loop sequences of five wapiti subspecies (Talim wapiti,Altai wapiti,Tianshan wapiti,Gansu wapiti and Alashan wapiti 108 samples in all) were amplified and sequenced,the base composition and nucleotide sequences variation analyzed,phylogenetic trees built,the genetic diversity and classification status of red deer in northwest of China studied.【Result】There were 40 different haplotypes,the haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0.998±0.006,nucleotide differences (Pi) 0.041±0.005,average number of nucleotide differences K=36.08.The NJ and MP phylogenetic trees showed that,Talim wapiti had further genetic distance with another subspecies,which should be clustered in different wapiti types;the gene exchange was found in Altai wapiti,Tianshan wapiti and Gansu wapiti,suspiciously due to the hybridization caused by introduction in different populations.【Conclusion】Rich genetic diversity exists in wapiti in northwest of China.China red deer may have originated in Europe,for gene exchange is found in different populations. |
| Key words: wapiti (red deer) mtDNA D-loop genetic diversity classification status |
