| 摘要: |
| 【目的】对水资源紧缺地区的用水公平性进行研究，为了解当地用水现状进而合理配置水资源提供参考。【方法】借鉴收入公平性评价指标基尼系数的基本概念，构建内陆河流域用水公平性的评价方法，即通过影响用水量的人口、国内生产总值、参考作物蒸发蒸腾量、降水量等主要指标，计算单项指标与用水量的基尼系数，并计算综合基尼系数，进而以石羊河流域为例，对其用水公平性进行了评价。【结果】利用本研究建立的评价方法，对石羊河流域用水公平性的评价表明，石羊河流域在现状超采地下水的情况下，代内用水较为公平，但代际用水并不公平。【结论】可以利用基尼系数客观地评价区域间社会经济用水的公平性。 |
| 关键词: 用水公平性 水资源配置 石羊河流域 基尼系数 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（50879071）;水利部公益性行业科研专项（200801104）;国家“863”计划项目（2006AA100217）;西北农林科技大学青年学术骨干支持计划项目 |
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| Evaluating the fairness of water use based on the Gini coefficient in inland river basins |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Study on the fairness of water use in water deficient areas can provide reference for identifying the status of water use and allocating water resources reasonably.【Method】According to the concept of Gini coefficient,an index for estimating equity of income,a method for evaluating the fairness of water use in inland river basins was established.Through the key indicators of water use,such as the population,GDP,precipitation,reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0),the Gini coefficient for each indicator and comprehensive Gini coefficient were calculated,then the method was applied to Shiyang River basin.【Result】The result showed that in the case of the status of over extraction of groundwater,the water use in Shiyang River basin was intra generational fair,but the intergenerational use of water was not.【Conclusion】The Gini coefficient can objectively evaluate the fairness of socio economic water use in different regions. |
| Key words: fairness of water use water allocation Shiyang River basin Gini coefficient |
