| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 探讨有机添加物对矮败小麦F1可育株花药培养特性的影响,研究其花粉植株越夏方法。【方法】 应用单因子试验,分析水解酪蛋白、谷氨酰胺和生物素3种有机添加物对矮败小麦F1可育株可育株花药培养特性的影响，比较不同基因型矮败小麦F1可育株花药愈伤组织诱导率、绿苗分化率，研究多效唑对矮败小麦F1可育株花粉植株越夏的影响。【结果】 在一定质量浓度范围内，水解酪蛋白、谷氨酰胺和生物素对矮败小麦F1可育株花药愈伤组织的诱导都有一定正向促进作用，在其最适质量浓度（水解酪蛋白500 mg/L、谷氨酰胺5.0 mg/L和生物素2.0mg/L）时，矮败小麦F1可育株花药愈伤组织的诱导率分别较对照提高了47.07%，22.48%和55.27%；基因型对矮败小麦F1可育株花药愈伤组织诱导和绿苗再分化有重要影响，矮败小麦与小偃22、101、西农213 3个小麦品种（系）杂交F1可育株花药愈伤组织诱导率分别为5.49%，4.73%和5.85%，三者之间差异均达极显著水平。矮败×小偃22愈伤组织的绿苗分化率明显高于矮败小麦与101、西农213杂交F1代2个供试材料，达到了13.70%。在添加多效唑和连续继代培养条件下，成功地进行了矮败小麦F1花粉植株越夏，证明在越夏培养过程中，4.0 mg/L多效唑表现出的延缓生长作用较3.0 mg/L更好，并未见有毒害作用。【结论】 添加500 mg/L水解酪蛋白、5.0 mg/L谷氨酰胺和2.0 mg/L生物素，能使矮败小麦F1可育株花药愈伤组织的诱导率较对照有明显提高；添加多效唑和连续继代培养可使矮败小麦F1花粉植株成功越夏，获得生长健壮、移栽成活率高的花培苗。 |
| 关键词: 矮败小麦 花药培养 有机添加物 多效唑 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省13115科技重大专项（2008ZDKG-07） |
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| The effect of the organic additives on the characteristics of F1 fertile anther materials of dwarf male sterile wheat and on summering of cultured wheat anther plantlets |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 This experiment discussed the effect of the organic additives on the F1 fertile anther materials of dwarf-male-sterile wheat and studied the summering of cultured wheat anther plantlets.【Method】 Single factor test was used to analyze the effect of hydrolisis casein,L-glutamine,and biotin on the culture characteristics of dwarf-male-sterile F1 fertile plant anthers,the three different genotype materials’callus induction rates and green plant regeneration rates were respectively compared,and the effect of PP333 on dwarf male sterile F1 fertile plants over summering was analyzed.【Result】 In certain concentrations,hydrolisis casein,L-glutamine,and biotin on culturing the dwarf male sterile wheat F1 anthers all had certain positive effects on promoting F1 anther callus.In their optimum concentrations (respectively:500,5.0,2.0 mg/L),compared with the control,the induction rate of the anther callus was increased respectively by 47.07%,22.48% and 55.27%;Different materials genotypes had different effects on the callus induction and green plantlet differentiation of the dwarf male sterile wheat F1 anthers,dwarf male sterile hybrid with Xiaoyan 22,101,Xinong 213 respectively,and the anther callus rate of their F1 generations was 5.49%,4.73% and 5.85% respectively,the difference among which was extremely significant.The green plantlet differentiation of callus of dwarf-male-sterile×Xiaoyan 22 reached 13.70%,which was significantly higher than that of dwarf-male-sterile ×101 and dwarf-male-sterile×Xinong 213.The cultured green wheat anther plantlets passed the summer safely on the condition of continuous subculture and certain concentration of PP333 was put into the media.The 4.0 mg/L concentration of PP333 showed better delay growing role than 3.0 mg/L,and 4.0 mg/L concentration of PP333 did not harm the plantlets.【Conclusion】 After adding hydrolyzed casein,L-glutamine and biotin whose mass concentrations were 500,5.0,2.0 mg/L respectively,the anther callus induction rates of dwarf-male-sterile F1 fertile plants were increased significantly compared with the control.The cultured green wheat anther plantlets grew well and the transplanted survival rate was high and passed the summer safely when continuous subculture and certain concentration of PP333 was used. |
| Key words: dwarf male sterile wheat culture of wheat anther organic additive PP333 |
