| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 研究3株生防放线菌Act1、Act11和Act12对甜瓜枯萎菌(TF)和西瓜枯萎菌的拮抗性，及其对甜瓜幼苗的促生作用和叶片多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性的诱导作用，为防治西甜瓜枯萎病提供高效生防放线菌。【方法】 通过琼脂块法和无菌发酵滤液试验，研究了3株放线菌对TF和西瓜枯萎菌的拮抗性及其无菌发酵滤液对甜瓜种子胚轴、胚根生长的影响；通过盆栽试验，研究了3株放线菌对甜瓜幼苗叶绿素相对含量、甜瓜根系质量和根系活力的影响以及对甜瓜叶片PPO活性的诱导作用。【结果】 ①供试放线菌对TF和西瓜枯萎菌的拮抗圈直径均超过17 mm，其无菌发酵滤液对TF和西瓜枯萎菌的抑菌率为2.65%～65.27%，且能促进甜瓜胚轴、胚根生长，提高甜瓜种子活力。②放线菌Act1、Act11和Act12以1.5 g/kg的接种量与TF混接，甜瓜幼苗叶绿素相对含量较单接TF分别增加了17.57%，13.54%和11.59%，差异显著（P<0.05）；放线菌Act11以1.5 g/kg接种量与TF混接，甜瓜幼苗根系质量较单接TF处理增加了53.33%；放线菌Act1和Act12以2.0 g/kg接种量与TF混接，甜瓜幼苗根系活力较单接TF分别增加了416.67%和166.67%，差异达极显著水平（P<0.01）。③放线菌Act11、Act12以1.5 g/kg接种量与TF混接，甜瓜幼苗叶片PPO活性较单接TF分别增加了45.06%，50.20%。【结论】 3株生防放线菌对TF和西瓜枯萎菌均具有较强的拮抗性，在一定接种量下，对甜瓜幼苗具有促生和提高诱导抗性的作用，此作用在放线菌与TF混接时表现更为明显。 |
| 关键词: 放线菌 促生作用 诱导抗性 甜瓜 枯萎病 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目（30630054）；阎良甜瓜基地甜瓜连作障碍微生物修复技术示范推广专项 |
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| The growth-promoting effect and resistance induction of 3 antagonistic actinomyces on Cucumis melo L. |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 In this research,the effects of 3 actinomyces on the plant growth and the induced PPO activity of Cucumis melo L.were investigated in order to acquire effective Fusarium wilt biocontrol actinomyces.【Method】 The antagonism and seed growth-promoting effect were evaluated by both agar block and axenic fermentation extract experiments.The effects of the 3 antagonistic strains on the chlorophyll relative content,root weight and root activity of Cucumis melo L.seedle and their induced resistance to Cucumis melo L.were assessed by pot culture experiments.【Result】 ①The 3 tested strains had obvious antagonism to Fusarium equisetiFusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum,with the diameters of inhibitory zones all exceeding 17 mm.The inhibitory rates of 3 axenic fermentation extracts on Fusarium sp.were from 2.65%-65.27%.The fermentation extracts also showed growth promoting effect on Cucumis melo L.seed;②The chlorophyll relative content increased obviously by 17.57%,13.54% and 11.59%(P<0.05) when the 3 tested strains with their concentrations reaching 1.5 g/kg were inoculated with Fusarium equiseti;The weight of the roots obviously increased by 53.33% after the innoculation of Act11 at the concentration of 1.5 g/kg with Fusarium equiseti;The root activity increased obviously by 416.67%,166.67%(P<0.01) after the inoculation of Act1,Act12 separately with Fusarium equiseti when their concentrations reached 2.0 g/kg;③The PPO activity increased significantly by 45.06%,50.20% when Act11,Act12 were inoculated separately with Fusarium equiseti when the biocontrol agents were at the concentration of 1.5 g/kg.【Conclusion】 The results indicated that the 3 actinomyce strains had obvious antagonism effects on Fusarium equiseti and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.niveum;The 3 strains also showed positive effects on the growth and induced resistance of Cucumis melo L.These effects were more obvious when the 3 strains were inoculated with Fusarium equiseti. |
| Key words: actinomyce growth-promoting effect induced resistance Cucumis melo L. Fusarium wilt |
