| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 研究宁夏引黄灌区的水盐均衡情况，为灌区中低产田改造和水盐调控提供科学依据。【方法】 将灌区分为农区、非农区、水域3部分，采用建立的农区 非农区 水域水分转化与均衡模型，研究宁夏青铜峡灌区的水盐运移与转化的关系。【结果】 2000年进入灌区的水量包括灌区降水5.04亿m3和引黄灌溉60.29亿 m3。灌区水分消耗和转化各项中，农区地面蒸发量为23.41亿 m3，非农区地面蒸发量为5.45亿 m3，水域蒸发量为4.21亿 m3，农区向水域地下水迁移量为3.12亿 m3，农区向非农区地下水迁移量为3.68亿 m3；2000年青铜峡灌区农区总进盐量为268.68万t，总排盐量为444.43万t，即灌区耕地当年总脱盐量为175.75万t。灌区排出耕地的盐量由3部分组成：通过耕地排水排出的盐量为342.43万t，占总排盐量的77.05%；通过农区向非农区的地下水迁移排出的盐量（非农区积盐量）为46.80万t，占总排盐量的10.53%；通过农区向水域的地下水迁移排出的盐量（水域积盐量）为55.20万t，占总排盐量的12.42%。说明盐荒地和水域的旱排能力相当重要。【结论】 探明了灌区水盐平衡与转化规律，灌区非农区和水域对灌区排盐具有重要作用。 |
| 关键词: 宁夏引黄灌区 农区 非农区 水域 水盐均衡 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2008ZX07209-002）；水利部公益性行业专项经费项目（200801015） |
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| Study on the water and salt balance of farming areas and non farming areas in Ningxia Qingtongxia irrigation area |
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BAI Hong ying1 ZHANG Yi ping2 SUN Hua1 ZHANG Qing yu1 ZHANG Shan hong1
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 To provide scientific basis for transformation of low yielding fields and regulating water and salt, the water and salt balance in the Ningxia Yellow river irrigation area was studied. 【Method】 First,the irrigation area was divided into farming areas,non farming areas and water areas;secondly,the water balance model of farming areas,non farming areas and water areas was established,and the water salt movement, transforming relations of the Qingtongxia irrigation area in Ningxia was researched.【Result】 In 2000,the amount of water entering the irrigation area,including precipitation and the Yellow River water,was 5.04×10sup>8 m3 and 60.29×108 m3respectively.Water consumption and transformation in the irrigation were as follows:ground evaporation in farming area was 2.341×10sup>9m3,surface evaporation in non farming area was 5.45×108 m3,evaporation in water area was 4.21×10sup>8 m3,groundwater in farming areas migrating to the water area of 3.12×10sup>8 m3,groundwater in farming area migrating to non farming area of 3.68×10sup>8 m3,the salt access of the farming area in Qingtongxia irrigation district in 2000 2 686.8×103t,and the total drainage salt 4 444.3×103t,that is,the total desalination capacity of farmland in irrigation area was 1 757.5×103t.The drainage salt from farmland in irrigation area consisted of three parts:(1)the salt from farmland drainage reached 3 424.3×103t,77.05% of the total;(2) The migration salt with groundwater from farming areas to non farming areas was 468×103t,10.53% of the total;(3) the migration salt with groundwater from farming areas to water areas was 552×103t,12.42% of the total.So the desalination capacity of the farmland areas and water areas is indispensable.【Conclusion】 The rules of water and salt balance and transformation are found，and it shows the non farming areas and water areas drainage salt play an important role. |
| Key words: Ningxia Yellow River irrigation district farming area non farming area water area water and salt balance |
