| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 探索核芯肥料、包膜厚度与包膜完整性、控释肥养分释放特性的关系，为控释肥的研制提供理论依据。【方法】 采用常温静水培养方法，测定供试控释肥的肥效期，研究核芯肥料（均衡型（F1，15-15-15），高钾型（F2，13-10-21））和包膜厚度（110(C1)，130(C2) g/m2）对包膜完整性、控释肥养分释放性能的影响。【结果】 采用相同包膜厚度、包膜材料和包膜工艺制造的均衡型控释肥初期溶出率明显低于高钾型控释肥。针对同一核芯、包膜厚度不同的控释肥而言，在包膜厚度为110～130 g/m2时，随着包膜厚度的增加，控释肥的初期溶出率降低，肥效期延长。而在同一包膜厚度下，核芯肥料不同时，控释肥的养分释放模式不同，肥效期存在着明显差别。当包膜厚度为110 g/m2时，均衡型控释肥（F1C1）和高钾型控释肥（F2C1）的肥效期相等，均为3.5个月；当包膜厚度为130 g/m2时，均衡型控释肥（F1C2）的肥效期为9.5个月，高钾型控释肥（F2C2）的肥效期仅为6.5个月，即均衡型控释肥的控释效果明显优于高钾型控释肥。【结论】 在一定包膜厚度下，采用表面圆润平整的均衡型核芯肥料有利于制造包膜完整、肥效期长的控释肥。 |
| 关键词: 控释肥 包膜厚度 核芯肥料 养分释放特性 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2006BAD10B02）；国家自然科学基金项目（30871594）；农业科技成果转化资金项目（农计函［2005］300号） |
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| Effect of kernel fertilizer and coating thickness on nutrient release characteristics of controlled release fertilizer |
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GAO Yi min TONG Yan an CHANG Qing rui
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study was conducted to explore the effect of different kernel fertilizers and coating thickness on nutrient release characteristics of controlled release fertilizer (CRF).【Method】 Still pure water dissolving incubation at room temperature (25 ℃) was used to study the pattern of the nutrients release and the longevity of CRF.The kernel fertilizers were uniform compound fertilizer (F1,15-15-15) and high potassium compound fertilizer (F2,13-10-21).The coating thickness for both F1 and F2,expressed as grams coating material per square meter surface of kernel fertilizer,was 110 g/m2(F1C1,F2C1) and 130 g/m2 (F1C2,F2C2) separately.The CRF derived from the two compounds named high potassium CRF and uniform CRF.【Result】 Results showed that coating integrity of uniform CRF was better than the high potassium CRF under the same coating material,coating thickness and coating technique.Applying fertilizer with the same kernels but different coating thicknesses,the longevity of the CRF was prolonged by the increase of coating thickness.The CRF with the same coating thickness but different kernels had different nutrients release patterns and longevities.When the coating thickness was 110 g/m2,the uniform CRF (F1C1) and high potassium CRF (F2C1) possessed the same longevity but different nutrient release patterns.When the coating thickness increased from 110 g/m2 to 130 g/m2,the longevity of uniform CRF (F1C2,9.5 months) was significantly longer than that of the high potassium one (F2C2,6.5 months).【Conclusion】 Using the uniform kernel with smooth surface was beneficial to make the CRF with better coating integrity and longer longevity. |
| Key words: controlled release fertilizer coating thickness kernel fertilizer nutrient release characteristic |
