| 摘要: |
| 【目的】 研究不同浓度 Zn2+ 处理下，麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae生态遗传学参数、抗氧化酶活性和蛋白质含量的变化，为研究种群暴发、综合防治、重金属毒性效应的分子机理及重金属对昆虫种群遗传进化的影响提供理论依据。【方法】 用不同浓度 Zn2+ （0（对照），2.5，5.0，10.0 mmol/L）浇灌小麦幼苗，在其叶片上饲养麦长管蚜及其后代，制作F1、F2、F3代的特定时间生命表，分析重金属 Zn2+ 对麦长管蚜生态遗传学参数、抗氧化酶活性和体内蛋白质含量的影响。【结果】 Zn2+ 处理后，麦长管蚜的世代周期在低浓度（2.5 mmol/L）时较对照延长，高浓度时（5.0~10.0 mmol/L）则较对照显著缩短；种群净增殖率、内禀增长率和周限增长率均显著低于对照，且随 Zn2+ 浓度的增加而降低。Zn2+ 对麦长管蚜的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性有抑制作用，10.0 mmol/L Zn2+ 处理后，CAT活性显著低于对照和 2.5 mmol/L Zn2+ 处理；过氧化物酶（POD）活性在各代麦长管蚜之间存在显著差异；2.5 mmol/L Zn2+ 处理后，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性较对照显著升高，而5.0和10.0 mmol/L Zn2+ 处理蚜虫后，SOD活性较对照显著降低；除 2.5 mmol/L Zn2+ 处理的F1代外，F1、F2、F3的羧酸酯酶（CarE）活性均高于对照。 Zn2+ 处理后，麦长管蚜体内蛋白质含量明显高于对照，不同浓度 Zn2+ 对蛋白质含量的影响显著；F1、F2、F3代麦长管蚜体内的蛋白质含量平均值分别为37.1， 42.9，47.9 μg/mg，且差异显著。【结论】Zn2+ 对麦长管蚜的毒害已遗传给后代并在后代中累积，高浓度 Zn2+ 处理的毒害作用比低浓度 Zn2+ 处理强。 |
| 关键词: 重金属 麦长管蚜 生态遗传学参数 抗氧化酶 蛋白质代谢 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(39970112, 30470268) |
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| Ecogenetic effects of heavy metals Zn2+on the aphid Sitobion avenae(Fabricius) |
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LI Hua LI Yong WU Ying WANG Hua
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The effects of Zn2+ on aphids and their descendants were analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for integrated management to lay a foundation for further studies on toxigenicity mechanism of heavy metals.【Method】 The aphid Sitobion avenae was fed on wheat leaves treated with low and high concentrations of Zn2+,time-special life tables of F1,F2 and F3 were made and effects of Zn2+ on ecogenetic parameters,enzyme activity and protein level were subsequently measured.【Result】 The development duration was prolonged at low concentrations (2.5 mmol/L) while shortened sharply at higher concentrations (5.0-10.0 mmol/L);the net reproductive rate,the innate capacity of increase and the finite rate of increase of aphids were reduced dramatically.Activity of catalase was inhibited,and was significantly lower than control after treated with 10.0 mmol/L Zn2+;activities of peroxidase were of significant difference among generations;activity of superoxide dismutase under 2.5 mmol/L Zn2+ was much higher than the control,while much lower under 5.0 and 10.0 mmol/L Zn2+,and the differences between treatments were statistically significant;activity of carboxylesterase increased in most cases except F1with 2.5 mmol/LZn2+.Protein synthesis of Zn2+ treated aphids was enhanced and protein level increased significantly from control to 10.0 mmol/L Zn2+;mean protein level from the first to the third generation was 37.1 , 42.9 and 47.9 μg/mg respectively,and significant differences were detected among generations.【Conclusion】 The detrimental effects of Zn2+ on aphids have been inherited to descendants and the toxicity of low concentrations is inferior to that of higher concentrations.The changing pattern of all the ecologic characteristics proves the evident responding process of aphids to a range of concentrations of heavy metals. |
| Key words: heavy metal Sitobion avenae ecogenetic parameter antioxidant enzyme protein metabolism |
