| 摘要: |
| [目的]为黄芪与其他农作物和中草药合理轮作提供理论依据.[方法]以17种植物不同部位的水提物为供试材料,采用琼胶平板法,测定其对引起黄芪根腐病的2种优势菌--尖镰孢菌和腐皮镰孢菌的抑制活性.[结果]洋葱(球茎)、玉米(根、茎、叶)、小麦(全株)、苦豆子(全株),苦参(根)、黄连(根)、苍耳子(果)、黄芩(根、叶)和板蓝根(全株)等9种植物的水提物对2种优势菌的菌丝生长有较强抑制作用,而葱(茎),大蒜(茎)、韭菜(叶)、马铃薯(茎、叶)、甘草(根)、大黄(根、叶)、麻黄(根)、党参(根)等8种植物水提物的抑制作用则不明显;不同植物水提物对2种供试真菌活性的抑制存在明显的浓度效应,当植物水提物质量浓度为0.05 g/mL时,大蒜、韭菜、葱水提物对尖镰孢菌菌丝的生长有一定促进作用.[结论]洋葱、玉米、小麦、苦豆子、苦参、黄连、苍耳子、黄芩和板蓝根可以与黄芪进行轮作,有利于防治黄芪根腐病. |
| 关键词: 植物水提物 根腐病 抑菌作用 植物源杀菌剂 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:甘肃省中青年科技基金 |
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| Study on the inhibition effects of 17 plant aqueous extracts to the growth of Astragalus membranaceus root rot fungi |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study provides theoretical foundation for the proper crop rotation of Astragalus membranaceus with other field crops and Chinese medicinal herbs. 【Method】 The inhibition activities of various organs of 17 kinds of plant aqueous extracts on the growth of A.membranaceus main root rot fungi,Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani,were evaluated using Agar gel plate method.【Result】 The result indicated that nine plant aqueous extracts,Alliumcepa L.(stem),Zea mays L.(root, stem and leaf),Triticum aestibum L.(the whole),Sophora alopecuroides L.(the whole),Radix sophorae flavescens(root),Chinensis franch (root),Fructus xanthii(seed),Radix scutellariae (root, leaf) and Radix isatidis (the whole) presented higher inhibition effects on the mycelial growth of the two dominant fungi; however, lower inhibition effects on them were observed from other plant aqueous extracts,Ston leek(stem),Allium satirum(stem),Allium tuberosum rottler (leaf),Solanum tuberosum(root and leaf),Radix glycytthizae(root),Radix et rhizoma rhei(root and leaf)Herba ephedrae(root) and Radix codonopsis(root).Furthermore,the inhibition effects of different plant aqueous extracts on these fungi exhibitd dose-dependent manners. When treated with 0.05 g/mL plant aqueous extracts,A.satirum(stem),A.tuberosum rotter(leaf) and S.leek (stem) played promoted roles on Fusarium oxysporum.【Conclusion】 The crop rotation of A.membranaceus with Alliumcepa L.,Z.mays,T.asetivum,S.alopecuroides,R.sophorae flavescens,C.franch,F.xanthii,R.scutellariae and R.isatidis can be used to prevent R.Astragali root rot fungi. |
| Key words: plant aqueous extracts foot rot inhibition botanical fungicides |
