| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究紫葳科(Bignoniaceae)梓树属(Catalpa Scop)中黄金树(C.speciosa)、梓树(C.ovata)、滇楸(C.fargesiif duclouxii)和灰楸(C.fargesii Bureau)种子的表型性状和发芽特性及其相关性,为梓树属植物的遗传改良奠定基础。【方法】测定梓树属4个种16个系号种子的千粒重、长度、宽度、长宽比等表型性状,及发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数等发芽特性,并比较浸种时间(12,24,48 h)和温度、光照时间(30 ℃光照8 h/20℃黑暗16 h,30 ℃光照12 h/20 ℃黑暗12 h,)对种子发芽的影响。【结果】黄金树种子的平均长度(29.322 2 mm)、宽度(5.023 4 mm)、千粒重(27.073 6 g)等指标均显著高于其他3个种;黄金树、梓树、滇楸的平均发芽率较高(>82.71%),灰楸发芽率(40.75%)显著低于其他3个种。黄金树、梓树发芽比较迅速,发芽势和发芽指数均较高,而滇楸和灰楸发芽势和发芽指数均很低。梓树属种子室温浸种24 h比浸种12和48 h容易发芽,30 ℃光照8 h/20 ℃黑暗16 h变温条件较30 ℃光照12 h/20 ℃黑暗12 h更有利于种子发芽;发芽势、发芽指数均与种子的长、宽、千粒重呈极显著正相关。【结论】梓树属不同种种子的表型性状和发芽特性差异显著。 |
| 关键词: 梓树属 种子 表型 发芽特性 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十五”科技攻关项目子课题（2004BA515B0505）；国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目（2006BAD24B0801，2006BAD01A1602）；国家林业局林木培育实验室基金项目（20050-03) |
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| Study on phenotypic traits and germination characters of four taxons of catalpa genus seed |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The research on seeds of Catalpa speciosa Scop,C.ovata,C.fargesiif duclouxii and C.fargesii Bureau was aimed to provide evidence for genetic improvement of Catalpa. Phenotypic traits, germination features and relationships between them were the main contents of this study.【Method】 Seeds of 16 lines from four different species were selected to determinate phenotypic traits (such as length,width and one thousand-seed weight and length to width ratio) and germination features(such as germination rate, germination potential and germination index).Meanwhile,impacts of soaking time (12,24,48 h),temperature,light time (30 ℃ 8 hour light/ 20 ℃ 16 hour dark,30 ℃ 12 hour light/20 ℃ 12 hour dark) on germination were tested.【Result】 The result revealed that the length,width and one thousand-seed weight of C.speciosa, respectively 29.322 2 mm,5.023 4 mm,and 27.073 6 g,were significantly higher than those of the other 3 species.Germination rate of C.fargesii Bureau,about 40.75%,was remarkably lower than that of the other 3 species,all above 82.71%.C.speciosa and C.ovata had high germination rate,potential and index,while C.fargesiif duclouxii and C.fargesii Bureau were just the opposite.Seeds soaked for 24 hours were much easier to germinate than those soaked for 12 or 48 hours and Variable temperature condition of 30 ℃ 8 hour light/20 ℃ 16 hour dark was more conducive to germination.Germination potential and germination index both had significantly positive correlation with length,width,and one thousand-seed weight.【Conclusion】 Phenotypic traits and germination features of different species differed significantly. |
| Key words: Catalpa Scop seed phenotypic trait germinating character |
