| 摘要: |
| [目的]探讨黄河流域杂交春棉纤维品质的区域分布特征,为优质棉区域化种植和棉花生态育种提供依据。[方法] 采集2005年黄河流域17个试点、19个杂交春棉品种的棉花样品,检测其棉纤维长度、比强度、麦克隆值、伸长率、反射率、黄度、整齐度、纺纱指数等8项指标,采用频数分析、因子分析、聚类分析等方法研究棉纤维品质的区域分布特征。[结果] 黄河流域杂交棉纤维品质总体特征为纤维长度适中、比强度偏低、麦克隆值中等偏高,纺纱指数适纺60支纱的高强力棉仅占22。6%。8项品质指标可归纳为3个公因子,共解释总变异的77。85%。17个生态区划分为5个棉纤维品质生态亚区,Ⅰ亚区包括淮北、石家庄、西华、新乡、杨凌；Ⅱ亚区包括临西、安阳、天津；Ⅲ亚区包括沧州、郑州、昌邑、惠民、运城；Ⅳ亚区含邯郸、商丘；Ⅴ亚区含临清、宁津。Ⅱ亚区平均纤维长度(30。73 mm)、比强度(31。33 CN/tex)、纺纱指数(155。03)为最高,麦克隆值(4。33)为最低,综合品质表现最好,为优质棉区；Ⅰ亚区的纤维品质各项指标略逊于Ⅱ亚区,为次优质棉区；Ⅲ、Ⅴ两亚区棉纤维品质指标中等偏低,为中下品质棉区；Ⅳ亚区棉纤维品质最差,为低质棉区。[结论] Ⅱ亚区为优质棉区,Ⅰ亚区为次优质棉区,Ⅲ、Ⅴ亚区为下品质棉区,Ⅳ亚区为低质棉区。 |
| 关键词: 黄河流域 杂交春棉 纤维品质 区域特征 |
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| 基金项目:河南省重大科技攻关项目（032402001）；河南省重点科技攻关项目（04220100） |
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| Research on the district traits of the fiber quality of the cross-bred cotton in the Yellow River zone |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study was done to explore the district distribution traits of the fiber quality of cross-bred cotton in the Yellow River Zone to supply the basis on better cotton regional plantation and ecological cotton breeding. 【Method】 19 cross-bred spring cotton varieties were gathered in 17 test points in the Yellow River zone in 2005,and 8 norms were examined such as fiber length,strength, micronaire,elongation,reflecting rate,the yellow degree of fiber,uniformation and spinning consistence index.Frequency,factor and cluster analysis method were applied to study and analyze the district distribution traits of the cotton fiber quality.【Result】 The general traits of the fiber quality of the cross-bred spring cotton down the Yellow River zone were medium fiber length,a little bit lower-strength,a bit higher medium micronaire value,high-strength cotton of spinning index fit to spin 60 yearn accounts for only 22.6%;3 common factors,which explained in return 77.85% of the total varieties,could be extracted from 8 fiber quality indexes;17 different ecological points had been divided into five ecological sub-zones of the similar fiber quality.No.Ⅰsub-zone includes Huaibei,Shijiazhuang,Xihua,Xinxiang and Yangling.No.Ⅱ sub-zone includes Linxi,Anyang and Tianjin.No.Ⅲ sub-zone includes Cangzhou,Zhengzhou,Changyi,Huimin and Yuncheng.No.Ⅳ sub-zone contains Handan and Shangqiu. No.Ⅴ sub-zone contains Linqing and Ningjin.In No.Ⅱ sub-zone,the average fiber length(30.73mm),the strength(31.33 CN/tex),spinning index(155.03) were the highest,micronaire value(4.33) was the lowest,the synthetic quality was the best, thus the best cotton zone;every index of fiber quality in No.Ⅰecological zone was only worse than No.Ⅱ,thus the less good cotton zone;and No.Ⅲ and Ⅴ ecological zones were the middle and lower,the worst fiber quality was in No.Ⅳ ecological zone. 【Conclusion】 No.Ⅱ sub-zone was the best cotton zone;No.Ⅰecological zone was the less good cotton zone;No.Ⅲ and Ⅴ ecological zones were the middle and lower,No.Ⅳ ecological zone was the worst cotton zone. |
| Key words: the Yellow River zone cross-bred spring cotton fiber quality district trait |
