| 摘要: |
| [目的]探讨大蒜对黄瓜枯萎病(Fusarium axysporum(Schl.)f.sp.Cucumerinum Owen.)的抑菌效应和防病效果,为无公害、绿色和有机蔬菜生产中利用大蒜防病奠定基础.[方法]采用水匀浆法制备大蒜鳞茎粗提物,通过室内抑菌试验测定大蒜鳞茎粗提物对黄瓜枯萎病菌的抑菌效应,于黄瓜苗期人工接种黄瓜枯萎病菌测试大蒜鳞茎粗提物的防病效果.[结果]大蒜鳞茎粗提物对黄瓜枯萎病病原菌丝生长和孢子萌发均有显著的抑杀效应,随着大蒜鳞茎粗提物质量浓度的增加,抑菌圈扩大,对病菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长的抑制作用增强;对孢子萌发的最低抑制质量浓度为0.312 5 mg/mL,质量浓度达到10 mg/mL时抑制率达到100%;对菌丝生长的最低抑制质量浓度为0.625 mg/mL,质量浓度达到20 mg/mL时抑制率达到90%以上.黄瓜苗期接种试验防病效果显著,随着大蒜鳞茎粗提物质量浓度的增加,防病效果增强,质量浓度达到100 mg/mL时,防病效果达65.5%～81.8%.[结论]大蒜鳞茎粗提物对黄瓜枯萎病有显著的抑菌和防病作用. |
| 关键词: 大蒜鳞茎粗提物 黄瓜枯萎病 抑菌圈 抑菌率 病情指数 防病效果 |
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| 基金项目:国家“十一五”科技支撑计划项目（2006BAD07B02）；国家“十五”科技攻关计划项目（2004BA516A09） |
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| Study on the effects of garlic bulb crude extracts on inhibition of Fusarium axysporum(Schl.)f.sp.Cucumerinum Owen.and disease control |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of garlic inhibition to pathogen and control to fusarium wilt (Fusarium axysporum (Schl.) f.sp.Cucumerinum Owen ) in order to accumulate the basic data for the disease control by direct use of garlic in the production of safe,green and organic vegetables.【Method】 Garlic bulb was ground with water in mortar and pestle to prepare the crude extracts.The inhibitive effects of garlic bulb crude extracts on pathogen were tested in lab dish and the disease control effects were tested on potted cucumber seedling with pathogen inoculated.【Result】 Garlic bulb crude extracts had significant inhibitive effects on pathogen mycelia growth and spore germination.The mean diameter of pathogen inhibited circle and inhibitive effects on pathogen mycelia growth and spore germination increased with the rise of garlic extracts concentration.The lowest inhibitory concentration was 0.625 mg/mL to pathogen mycelia growth and 0.312 5 mg/mL to spore germination.The inhibitive rate to spore germination reached 100% when the concentration of garlic bulb extracts increased to 10 mg/mL and the inhibitive rate to mycelia growth reached 90% when the concentration of garlic bulb extracts increased to 20 mg/mL.In the experiment of fusarium wilt control on cucumber seedlings with pathogen inoculation,the results showed that the disease could be effectively controlled by garlic bulb crude extracts,and the controlling effects increased with the rise of garlic extracts concentration.The effect on disease control reached 65.5%－81.8% when garlic extracts concentration increased to 100 mg/mL.【Conclusion】 Garlic bulb crude extracts had significant inhibitive effects on pathogen Fusarium axysporum(Schl.) f.sp.Cucumerinum Owen and significant prevention effects on the disease of fusarium wilt. |
| Key words: garlic bulb crude extract cucumber fusarium wilt pathogen inhibition cycle inhibition rate to pathogen disease index effect on disease control |
