| 摘要: |
| [目的]检测中国黄牛品种的遗传多样性和遗传亲缘关系.[方法]扩增、测序并分析了8个南方黄牛品种(川南牛、务川牛、温岭牛、隆林牛、湘西牛、郧巴牛、昭通牛、锦江牛)共计40个个体的线粒体D-loop区(mtDNAD-loop)全序列.[结果]共检测到56个变异位点,17个单倍型,平均核苷酸差异(K)为20.364,核苷酸多样度(π)为2.25%,单倍型多样度(Hd)为0.750士0.074;4种碱基A、T、C、G的频率分别为33.2%,28.2%,25.1%和13.5%;56处多态位点中,转换49处(占多态位点87.5%),颠换4处(占7.14%),缺失/插入3处(占5.36%);在样本数量超过3的群体中,锦江牛和昭通牛分别显示出最贫乏和最丰富的遗传多样性;构建的NJ进化树表明,云南昭通牛与其他7个品种的亲缘关系最远.[结论]普通牛较瘤牛具有丰富的遗传多样性,支持普通牛的多地区起源说;云南昭通牛含有不同于印度瘤牛的瘤牛血统,从分子水平上支持云南是潜在的瘤牛起源驯化中心. |
| 关键词: 黄牛 线粒体D-loop区 遗传多样性 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(30471238)；西北农林科技大学拔尖人才基金项目 |
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| The analysis of genetic variation of mtDNA D-loop region and phylogenesis on some southern Chinese cattle breeds |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study was to detect the genetic diversity and relationship of cattle in south China.【Method】 The complete mitochondrial control regions of 40 cattle in 8 breeds were sequenced and analyzed.【Result】 The results showed as follows:56 variations and 17 haplotypes were detected, average number of nucleotide differences (K)was 20.364,nucleotide diversity (π) 2.25%,and haplotype diversity (Hd) 0.750±0.074.The frequencies for the A,T,C,G bases were 33.2%,28.2%,25.1％ and 13.5％ respectively.Among the 56 variations,there were 49 transitions,4 transversions,and 3 insertion/deletion.Jinjiang cattle and Zhaotong cattle showed the most spare and aboundant genetic diversity.The NJ tree constructed from the genetic distance displaied the most remote relationship for Zhaotong cattle.【Conclusion】B.taurus had far more aboundant genetic biodiversity than B.indicus which supported multi-regional origin.And Zhaotong cattle showed a different B.indicus type to India B.indicus type.This indicated a potential origin region for B.indicus at molecular level. |
| Key words: Chinese native cattle mitochondrial D-loop genetic diversity |
