| 摘要: |
| [目的]调查中国4个地方绒山羊品种的遗传多样性现状,为其资源保护策略的制定提供理论依据.[方法]利用联合国粮农组织(FAO)推荐的6个微卫星标记,并结合荧光多重PCR,计算等位基因频率、杂合度、多态信息含量(PIC)、有效等位基因数(Ne),评估其种内遗传变异和品种间遗传关系,利用NJ法和主成分分析法进行聚类,利用相关分析考察品种间遗传距离与地理距离的相关性.[结果] SRCRSP5、OarFCB48、INRA063,OarFCB20、OarFCB304 5个位点均为高度多态位点,可作为有效的遗传标记用于山羊品种的遗传多样性和系统发生关系分析;4个绒山羊品种在6个微卫星座位均具有多态性,平均等位基因数为8.33～11.00,杂和度和多态信息含量均较高,品种平均杂合度在0.696 7～0.802 7.NJ树显示,河谷绒山羊与河西绒山羊遗传关系最近,与新疆绒山羊遗传关系次之,与辽宁绒山羊遗传关系最远,这一结果在主成分分析中也得到了验证;相关分析显示,4个绒山羊品种问的遗传距离与地理距离呈中度正相关.[结论]目前4个绒山羊保种场均较好地保存了这些品种的遗传多样性,品种间亲缘关系与品种育成史及地理分布基本一致. |
| 关键词: 绒山羊 微卫星DNA 遗传多样性 系统发生 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（30371026）；科技部基础性工作项目（2001DEA10006） |
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| Initial analysis of genetic diversity status and phylogenetic relationship of Chinese cashmere goats breeds using microsa tellite makers |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The study investigated genetic diversity of four Chinese indigenous cashmere goats breeds and proposed conservation strategy for Chinese cashmere goats Breeds .【Method】 The genetic diversity of cashmere goats and genetic relationships among the four breeds were assessed using 6 microsatellite markers recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO) through fluorescence-multiplex PCR.The allele frequency,mean heterozygosity,polymorphic information content were calculated.Dendrogram analysis,principal component analysis and correlation analysis were used.【Result】 5 loci（SRCRSP5，OarFCB48，INRA063，OarFCB20，OarFCB 304）are highly polymorphic,which are effective markers for analysis of genetic diversity and relationship among goats breeds.The four populations were polymorphic according to the 6 loci,their heterozygosity and polymorphic information content were high.The mean alleles of each population were from 8.33 to 11.00 and the mean heterozygosity were from 0.696 7 to 0.802 7.NJ tree showed:Hegu cashmere goat and Hexi cashmere goat were closely related,then clustered with Xinjiang cashmere goat and finally clustered with Liaoning cashmere goat.Significant correlation was found between genetic distance and geographical distance.【Conclusion】 The genetic diversity of these breeds is rich;The dendrogram relationship between different goat breeds was generally in accordance with their breeding history and localities. |
| Key words: cashmere goat microsatellite DNA genetic diversity phylogenetic relationship |
