| 摘要: |
| [目的]探讨粪肥腐解过程铜与腐殖物质(HS)结合状况及其与铜淋失的关系.[方法]采用H2O、NaOH和NaOH +Na4P2O7连续浸提粪肥腐解过程中不同类型腐殖物质结合态铜(HS-Cu),检测其含量的变化,并采用淋溶试验,研究粪肥中铜的淋失特征.[结果]水溶性HS-Cu平均占粪肥全铜的6%、自由态铜离子平均占粪肥全铜的5%.随粪肥腐解的进行,HS-Cu和自由态铜离子占全铜的比例均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势;NaOH溶性HS-Cu含量平均占全铜总量的27.8%,在腐解的前35 d呈增大趋势,随后无明显变化;NaOH +Na4P2O7溶性HS-Cu含量平均占全铜总量的20%,随腐解进行其所占比例逐渐增加.H2O溶性HS-Cu以富里酸结合态铜(FA-Cu)为主;NaOH溶性HSCu在腐解的前50 d以FA-Cu为主,50 d以后则以HA-Cu为主;NaOH Na4P2O7溶性HS-Cu在腐解的前28 d以FA-Cu为主,28 d以后以HA-Cu为主.粪肥中铜淋失量在腐解35 d以前随腐解的进行逐渐增加,35 d以后又有所降低.铜淋失量平均占全铜量的20%左右.各阶段的淋失铜量与NaOH和H2O溶性HS-Cu、有机碳呈显著正相关,也与H2O溶性总铜呈显著正相关;而与NaOH +Na4P2O7溶性HS-Cu和有机碳以及H2O溶性自由态铜离子相关性不显著.[结论]在粪肥腐解过程中,NaOH溶性和H2O溶性HS-Cu含量可以作为评价粪肥中铜淋失的指标. |
| 关键词: 鸡粪；腐殖物质 结合态铜；淋溶；铜淋失；粪肥腐解 |
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| 基金项目:西北农林科技大学“青年骨干支持计划”和专项基金项目；教育部大学生创新计划资助项目 |
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| Dynamic of humic substance complexed copper and its relationship with copper leaching during manure composting |
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The objective of this paper is to study the changes of humic substance complexed copper (HS-Cu) during composting of chicken manure and to investigate the relationship between HS-Cu and leaching copper from manure.【Method】 H2O and NaOH and NaOH +Na4P2O7 were employed to extract HS-Cu sequentially,and leaching experiment was carried out to study copper leaching from manure.【Result】 The results showed that the average amount of water dissolved HS-Cu accounted for 6 percent of the total copper in manure and free copper ion accounted for five percent.Both firstly increased and then decreased with composting.The amount of NaOH extractable HS-Cu averaged 27.8% of the total copper in manure,which increased to a maximum at day 35 and leveled off thereafter.The amount of NaOH+Na4P2O7 extractable HS-Cu averaged 20% of the total copper in manure and increased with composting process.For the H2O extractable HS-Cu,Fulvic acid complexed copper (FA-Cu) was the main form.However,For NaOH+Na4P2O7 extractable HS-Cu,fulvic acid complexed copper (FA-Cu) was the main form in the first 28 days composting and then humic acid complexed copper(HA-Cu) was the main form.For the NaOH extractable HS-Cu,FA-Cu was the main form before 50 days decaying and then HA-Cu was the main form.The amount of leaching Copper from manure averaged 20% of the total copper in manure,which increased in the first 35 days composting and then decreased.The amount of leaching copper was correlated to NaOH or H2O extractable HS-Cu and organic carbon,but was not correlated with NaOH+Na4P2O7 extractable HS-Cu and organic carbon.【Conclusion】 Therefore,NaOH or H2O extractable HS-Cu could be used for prediction of copper leaching from manure. |
| Key words: chicken manure humic substance complexed copper leaching copper leaching manure decomposition |
