| 摘要: |
| 根据形态和培养特征从分离自西藏的1 000余株土壤放线菌中选出比较特殊的23株,采用光镜观察形态特征,微晶纤维素TCL法分析了其细胞壁氨基酸组成及全细胞糖类型,常规培养法测定其碳氮源利用、抗菌谱及多种酶活性等生理生化特征,并运用经典形态特征分类和细胞化学分类相结合的方法进行了分类研究。结果表明:①23株供试放线菌按传统分类方法可归入链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、小单孢菌属(Micromonospora)、糖霉菌属(Gly-comyces)和小孢链菌属(Catellatospora)4个属;②纯细胞壁氨基酸组成有12种类型,全细胞糖型有8种类型,与现有的化学分类系统相比,出现8种新的胞壁氨基酸类型和5种新的全细胞糖型;③供试放线菌淀粉水解、牛奶凝固和胨化能力较强,卵磷脂水解能力较弱;④菌株抗革兰氏阳性菌能力强于抗革兰氏阴性菌;抗细菌能力强于抗真菌;⑤供试放线菌中有2株菌432和318形态和化学组成较特殊,具体分类地位有待进一步研究。 |
| 关键词: 西藏土壤 放线菌 细胞化学组成 拮抗性 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（30571527）;国家重点基础发展计划项目（2007CB407203）；教育部科技重点项目（03157） |
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| Research of cell component and physiological biochemical characteristics of 23 strains from Tibet soil |
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| Abstract: |
| According to their morphological and cultural characteristics,23 strains were selected from 1000 actinomycetes isolated from Tibetan soil.Morphological observation was made with a light microscope.Cell wall amino acid and whole-cell sugar were analysed by TCL.Common methods were used to determine the utilization of carbon and nitrogen sources,antibiogram,and enzyme activity.The results show:①These strains can be classified into 4 genus according to classical sorting process.②There are 18 types of pure-cell wall ammonia acid and 8 types of whole-cell typical sugar,respectively.Compared with nowadays chemical sorting process,8 cell wall ammonia acid types and 5 whole cell sugar types are newly found.③ These strains are strong at starch hydrolysis,milk curd and peptonization,but weak at lecithin hydrolysis.④The strains are stronger at resisting to the gram-positive bacterium than to the gram negative bacterium,also stronger at resisting to the bacterium than to fungi.⑤Among these strains,2 strains are special at morphological characteristics and chemical composition,and the actual status needs further study. |
| Key words: Tibet soil,actinomycete,chemical composition,antigonism |
