| 摘要: |
| 为了研究日粮维生素A(VA)水平与肉牛牛肉品质的关系,选用16头12月龄利木赞×鲁西黄牛阉牛,以添加0,1 100,2 200,4 400 IU/kg VA的日粮育肥6个月后屠宰,分析不同日粮VA添加水平对牛肉品质的影响。结果表明:(1)在肉牛屠宰特性方面,VA水平对肉牛屠宰率、肋部皮下脂肪厚度、肠系膜脂肪质量/活体质量、眼肌面积和肉品大理石花纹评分均无显著(P>0.05)影响,但大理石花纹随VA水平的降低而改善;VA水平显著(P<0.05)影响肉牛日增质量、背部皮下脂肪厚度和肉品剪切力,其中日增质量以2 200 IU/kg VA添加水平时最高,低于此水平则有随VA水平升高而增加的趋势,而背部皮下脂肪厚度和剪切力均以1 100 IU/kg VA水平时最低;(2)在肉品常规成分(以鲜样为基础)方面,VA水平显著(P<0.05)影响臀中肌干物质含量和背最长肌粗蛋白含量,而对臀中肌粗脂肪、粗蛋白和粗灰分含量及背最长肌干物质、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量无显著(P>0.05)影响;(3)在肉品氧化稳定性方面,VA水平对吊挂成熟的臀中肌和背最长肌的总色素含量、硫代巴比妥酸反应物值(TBARS)和滴水损失有显著(P<0.05)影响。其中,总色素含量在臀中肌和背最长肌均以1 100 IU/kg VA水平时最高,TBARS值在臀中肌以1 100 IU/kg VA水平时最低,而在背最长肌以2 200 IU/kg VA水平时最低。综合考虑,在该试验条件下,以1 100IU/kg VA水平日粮饲喂肉牛的效果最好。 |
| 关键词: 肉牛 维生素A 肉品质 |
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| 基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目（KSCX2-YW-N-022；KSCX2-YW-N-49）；国家青年自然科学基金项目（30600436）；国家“十五”重大科技专项（2002BA518A02）；西南大学荣昌校区科研项目 |
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| Effects of dietary vitamin A level on meat quality of steers |
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| Abstract: |
| A slaughter trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin A (VA) supplementing level on meat quality by using 16 limosin×luxi crosses steers at 12-month age in a complete randomized design after 6 months of finishing period with diets contained 0,1 100,2 200,and 4 400 IU/kg.The results showed that:①VA level did not affect(P>0.05)dressing percentage,subcutaneous fat thickness,mesenteric fat weight/living weight,longissimus area,and marbling score which was better with the decrease of VA level.But VA level significantly affected back fat thickness and shear force(P<0.05),both of which were lowest at 1 100 IU/kg,and average daily gain which had a tendency was numerically greater with VA level increment when dietary VA level was less than 2 200 IU/ kg.②VA level had no significant effect on the chemical composition of GM and LD(P>0.05)except for dry matter of GM and crude protein of LD.③VA level had significant effect on drip loss,total pigment concentration and TBARS(P<0.05)during aging,and different beef cuts responses to VA level were not identical.Considering these results,the effect was the best when the steers were fed with the diet contained 1 100 IU /kg. |
| Key words: steer vitamin A meat quality |
