| 摘要: |
| 以农户与村级合作经济组织、村民自治组织、乡村党政组织之间相互联系的原则、方式、机理为主线，从四个方面分析了中国农户运行中的微观组织机制。结果表明：(1)农户与现行村级组织之间联系的机理，同时受行政管理机制、村民自治机制、市场经济机制调节，这也是村级合作经济组织发育程度较低、服务功能较弱的根本原因。(2)新形势下村级党支部与村民委员会之间的行为存在差别，其根源在于农村经济体制方面；与此相对应，农户一直在计划经济与市场经济之间的体制性摩擦的微观环境中生存发展，因而农户自组织化程度难以提高。(3)村级组织的功能之所以错位，关键是村级组织和乡镇组织之间存在着组织人事和经济利益关系，而这种内在的关系环境又与农户的要求和利益之间存在差异。基于这些判断，建议政府采取以下措施：(1)通过乡村微观组织改革和加快农村合作经济组织培育等方式，建立能够独立表达农户自己愿望和要求的农民组织；(2)通过完善村民自治制度等方式．规范农户与村级党组织、村民自治组织之间的关系；(3)通过改革乡镇政府管理农户的经济体制，保障以农户为基本单元的民主化村民自治组织建设。 |
| 关键词: 农户 微观组织 村民自治组织 |
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| 基金项目:陕西省软科学基金资助项目“构筑陕西现代农业体系战略研究”（2002KR31） |
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| On the mechanism of the micro-organizations in the operation of farmer household in China |
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the co-relationships between farmer households and villages' cooperative organizations,and the CCP branches and administrative bodies in the village areas,the paper analyses the mechanism of the micro-organizations under the operation of farmer households from four aspects.The analysis shows that:(1) the co-relating mechanism between farmer households and the village cooperative organizations is regulated simultaneously by three different kinds of mechanism from the village administrative organizations,villager self-administrative organizations,and the market system respectively;(2) under the market economy,the source of contradictions between the CCP branches and the villager committee of rural areas lies in rural economic system.Correspondingly,house holds try to survive and develop in the conflicting systems of planned economy and market economy.So the orgnicational efficiency of households could hardly be improved;(3)the origin of the function disturbance among the organizations of cooperative,branches of CCP,and the committee village in the village areas is from the complex leading and benefiting relationships between the CCP branches and the administrative organizations at the village level,and the CCP branches and the governments at the village and town level.According to the above conclusion,the paper suggested that governments take following major countermeasures (1) by readjusting the power structure and the benefit relationships among the different micro-organizations in village areas to speed up the establishment of the cooperative organizations of farmer households,which can represent the benefits of farmer households themselves;(2) by perfecting the village self- administrative system to standardize the relationships between the farmer households and their cooperative organizations,and the CCP branches and villager committee at the village level;(3) by reforming the regulating system of the CCP branches and governments at the village and town level to guarantee the democratic construction of the villager self- administrative system. |
| Key words: farmer households micro-organization rural residents self-governing organization |
