| 摘要: |
| 对普通小麦－滨麦－簇毛麦三属杂交后代进行了细胞遗传学研究。结果表明：三属杂种杂交结实率较低，平均为14.03％。F1自交结实率极低，平均为0.7％；F1形态兼具普通小麦，滨麦，簇毛麦特性，F2，F3出现严重分离：F1染色体平均构型为2n=12.32I +21.02Ⅱ +0.13Ⅲ +0.09Ⅳ +0.06Ⅴ +0.05Ⅵ，F1出现多多价体，说明来自滨麦的J染色体组和来自族毛麦的V染色体组能形成不紧密的配对：PMC-MI后期I有落后染色体排列在赤道板上，末期I和末期Ⅱ出现大量的二分孢子，四分孢子带微核和畸形孢子现象。这是三属杂种F1育性极低的原因。 |
| 关键词: 普通小麦 滨麦 簇毛麦 三属杂种 细胞遗传学 |
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| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(39670458)；杨凌农业生物技术育种项目(1999-5)；西北农林科技大学青年科研专项基金项目 |
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| Studies on cytogenetics of the progenies of trigeneric hybridization involving Triticum aestivum,Leymus mollis and Haynaldia villosa |
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| Abstract: |
| The progenies of trigeneric hybridization involving Triticum,Leymus and Haynaldia were created by crossing between amphidiploids Triti-leymus and Triti-villosa.The cytogenetics and fertility of the progenies were studied.The main results of the study are as followings:(1) The rate of hybrid-fertility was very low (averaged only 14.03%).The self-fertility of F1 plant was also rather low (averaged only 0.8%).(2) The average chromosome configuration of F1 at MI in PMC was 12.32Ⅰ+21.02Ⅱ+0.13Ⅲ+0.09Ⅳ+0.06Ⅴ+0.05Ⅵ,the chromosome number of univalent was less than the theoretical number 14,and the number of multivalents was very high.This indicates that the chromosome set of J (from L.mollis) and V (from Ha.villosa) can untightly pair.(3) At telophase Ⅰin PMC,there were some laggard chromosomes ranked on the equatorial plate,and at telophaseⅠ,telophase Ⅱ,these chromosomes didn't often distribute to two poles equally.It appeared a large number of bispore or tetraspore with micronucleus and abnormal spores.Consequently,a great number of abortive pollen was formed and it made the self fertility of F1 plant rather low. |
| Key words: Triticum aestivum Haynaldia villosa Leymus mollis trigeneric hybridization cytogenetics |
