| 摘要: |
| 对取自法国不同地区的葡萄霜霉菌群体的孢子囊的观察表明,该菌致病力的差异首先表现在其孢子囊的大小和其中所含有的细胞核数量的差异。通过连续孢子囊移种,由任意取自自然群体的一个孢子囊获得了几个致病力各异的纯系。致病力不同的纯系混合侵染,可提高混合群体的致病力,利用对 Metalaxyl的抗性作标记,证明了不同菌丝体间的细胞核交换现象和异核现象。由于异核现象的作用,霜霉菌的自然群体的致病力可以通过细胞核之间的协生作用达到其最高水平。 |
| 关键词: 葡萄霜霉菌,致病力,抗药性,异核现象,细胞核交换,协生现象,品种抗病性 |
| DOI： |
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| INFLUENCE OF PATHOGEN HETEROKARYOSIS ON THE EXPRESSION OF PATHOGENICITY OF Plasmopara viticola |
|
Li Hua
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| Abstract: |
| The observation of sporocysts in natural populations of Plasmopara viticola taken from different vineyards in France shows that the variability of pathogenicity of the parasite is firstly expressed by a great heterogeneity both in the sporocyst size and in the numbers of nuclei(thus,the zoosporocyst numbers) per sporocyst.By means of successive single sporocyst multiplications,several clones with each very probably homokaryotic but different from others in level of agressiveness,were obtained from one sporocyst taken randomly in a natural population of the parasite.Mixed inoculation with different clones gave a level of aggressiveness higher than that of each clone inoculated separately.Moreover, nuclear exchanges between thalli and heterokaryosis in P.viticola were demonstrated.Such heterokaryosis may keep the aggressiveness of the parasite at maximum level as the nuclei of different origins may carry complementary genetic information. |
| Key words: Plasmopara viticola,pathogenicity,fungicide resistance heterokaryosis,nuclear exchange,synergism,varietal resistance |
